What factor primarily determines the resolution capability of a radar system?

The resolution capability of a radar system is primarily determined by the Pulse Width (PW). Pulse Width directly influences the radar's ability to distinguish between two closely spaced targets. A shorter pulse provides better resolution because it allows the radar to differentiate between objects that are closer together in range. This is due to the fact that a narrow pulse can more accurately determine the time it takes for the radar signal to return after bouncing off a target, leading to finer detail in the target positioning.

For instance, if two targets are close to each other, a longer pulse could cause the radar signals reflected from both targets to overlap, which may result in a merger of the returns and give a false interpretation of their range or position. However, with a shorter pulse, the radar can distinguish between the returns from individual targets, thereby enhancing the resolution.

While the other factors—Pulse Repetition Frequency (PRF), Beam Width, and Frequency—contribute to various aspects of radar performance, they do not have as direct an impact on the resolution as the Pulse Width does. PRF can affect the maximum range and update rate of the radar, Beam Width influences the area covered but can sometimes lead to multiple returns from different targets being combined, and Frequency relates to the radar's operating